hive 目前支持的数据类型如下：

-- 数值类型 Numeric Types

TINYINT (1-byte signed integer, from -128 to 127)

SMALLINT (2-byte signed integer, from -32,768 to 32,767)

INT/INTEGER (4-byte signed integer, from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647)

BIGINT (8-byte signed integer, from -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807)

FLOAT (4-byte single precision floating point number)

DOUBLE (8-byte double precision floating point number)

DOUBLE PRECISION (alias for DOUBLE, only available starting with Hive 2.2.0)

DECIMAL

Introduced in Hive 0.11.0 with a precision of 38 digits

Hive 0.13.0 introduced user-definable precision and scale

NUMERIC (same as DECIMAL, starting with Hive 3.0.0)

--日期/时间类型 Date/Time Types

TIMESTAMP (Note: Only available starting with Hive 0.8.0)

DATE (Note: Only available starting with Hive 0.12.0)

INTERVAL (Note: Only available starting with Hive 1.2.0)

--字符类型 String Types

STRING

VARCHAR (Note: Only available starting with Hive 0.12.0)

CHAR (Note: Only available starting with Hive 0.13.0)

Misc Types

BOOLEAN

BINARY (Note: Only available starting with Hive 0.8.0)

--复杂类型 Complex Types

arrays: ARRAY<data_type> (Note: negative values and non-constant expressions are allowed as of Hive 0.14.)

maps: MAP<primitive_type, data_type> (Note: negative values and non-constant expressions are allowed as of Hive 0.14.)

structs: STRUCT<col_name : data_type [COMMENT col_comment], ...>

union: UNIONTYPE<data_type, data_type, ...> (Note: Only available starting with Hive 0.7.0.)

例子：

1）Array数组

数据类型相同的元素集合。

hive>create table student

(sid int,

sname string,

grade array<float>);

其中array代表各科成绩，比如：

{1,YY,[80,100,90]}

2）Map

key和value对：

hive>create table student2

(sid int,

sname string,

grade map<string,float>);

其中map指的是学科对应的成绩，比如：

{1,yy,<'English',90>}

上面的array和map可以组合起来使用，一个人的各科成绩：

hive> create table student3

(sid int,

sname string,

grades array<map<string,float>>);

{1,'yy',[<'English',80>,<'English2',90>]}

3）struct

结构体：

hive>create table student4

(sid int,

info struct<name:string,age:int,sex:string>);

比如：

{1,{'yy',20,'male'}}